{"id":6276,"date":"2013-01-27T20:00:05","date_gmt":"2013-01-27T20:00:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/noi3.org\/site\/?p=6276"},"modified":"2013-01-27T20:00:05","modified_gmt":"2013-01-27T20:00:05","slug":"statul-natiune-intr-o-lume-globala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/?p=6276","title":{"rendered":"STATUL-NA\u0162IUNE \u00ceNTR-O LUME GLOBAL\u0102"},"content":{"rendered":"

\t\u00cen epoca globaliz\u0103rii, valorile fundamentale ale statului-na\u0163iune, a\u015fa cum \u00eel cunoa\u015ftem azi, s\u00eent din ce \u00een ce mai vulnerabile. Xavier Raufer (op.cit. pag. 9) este de p\u0103rere c\u0103 globalizarea porne\u015fte de la ideea diminu\u0103rii importan\u0163ei statului-na\u0163iune \u015fi afirm\u0103 c\u0103 \u00ab ordinea interna\u0163ional\u0103 nu mai este una exclusiv inter-statal\u0103 \u00bb.<\/p>\n

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\t\u00cen epoca globaliz\u0103rii, valorile fundamentale ale statului-na\u0163iune, a\u015fa cum \u00eel cunoa\u015ftem azi, s\u00eent din ce \u00een ce mai vulnerabile. Xavier Raufer (op.cit. pag. 9) este de p\u0103rere c\u0103 globalizarea porne\u015fte de la ideea diminu\u0103rii importan\u0163ei statului-na\u0163iune \u015fi afirm\u0103 c\u0103 \u00ab ordinea interna\u0163ional\u0103 nu mai este una exclusiv inter-statal\u0103 \u00bb.<\/div>\n
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\tStatul-na\u0163iune, \u00een accep\u0163ia sa occidental\u0103, clasic\u0103, a ap\u0103rut dup\u0103 Revolu\u0163ia francez\u0103. \u00cen sec. al 19-lea, na\u0163iunea, bazat\u0103 \u00een principal pe limb\u0103, cultur\u0103 \u015fi tradi\u0163ie comune a oferit un cadru adecvat pentru cre\u015fterea economic\u0103, securitate, stabilitate, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u0163irea nivelului de trai \u015fi afirmare \u00een arena interna\u0163ional\u0103. Dup\u0103 prima conflagra\u0163ie mondial\u0103 a crescut num\u0103rul de state-na\u0163iuni, fenomen amplificat prin de-colonizarea de la sf\u00eer\u015fitul celui de Al Doilea R\u0103zboi Mondial. Dup\u0103 sf\u00eer\u015fitul R\u0103zboiului Rece, procesul de remodelare politico-teritorial\u0103 a continuat. Nu \u00een pu\u0163ine cazuri, statele-na\u0163iuni s-au n\u0103scut ca urmare a unor convulsii puternice, fapt ce a sporit insecuritatea \u00een sistemul interna\u0163ional \u015fi a creat impresia de anarhie.<\/div>\n
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\tDar, sf\u00eer\u015fitul R\u0103zboiului Rece a f\u0103cut vizibil\u0103 \u015fi o nou\u0103 realitate: existen\u0163a statelor slabe sau falite care au devenit, \u00een mod indiscutabil, cea mai important\u0103 problem\u0103 a ordinii interna\u0163ionale. Un principiu \u2013 suveranitatea \u2013 e pe cale de a fi amendat, azi vorbindu-se tot mai pregnant despre \u201esuveranitate limitat\u0103\u201d sau \u201easistat\u0103\u201d . Acesta este un discurs 100% globalist, \u00eentr-o lume \u00een care, mare parte din suveranitatea statelor-na\u0163iune a fost transferat\u0103 spre organisme pan-statale, de tipul UE , ONU, NATO. Aceste organisme pan-statale adopt\u0103 reguli \u015fi legi interna\u0163ionale impuse de noile realit\u0103\u0163i economico-sociale, generate, la r\u00eendul lor, de interven\u0163ia global\u0103 a actorilor non-statali. Regulile astfel adoptate s\u00eent impuse statelor-na\u0163iune care, pe deoparte pierd din suveranitate, iar pe de alta s\u00eent \u00ab colonizate \u00bb de actorii non-statali ai globaliz\u0103rii, f\u0103r\u0103 a putea s\u0103 se apere.<\/div>\n
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\tGlobalizarea produce turbulen\u0163e \u00een ambele sensuri, este de p\u0103rere Ionel Nicu Sava, \u00een lucrarea STUDII DE SECURITATE (ed. Centrul Rom\u00e2n pentru Studii Regionale, 2005, pag. 131) : \u00een jos, c\u0103tre statele-na\u0163iune \u015fi \u00een sus c\u0103tre societatea interna\u0163ional\u0103. Ea \u00eempinge unele state s\u0103 preia responsabilit\u0103\u0163i globale, \u00een timp ce altele s\u00eent deposedate de atributele suveranit\u0103\u0163ii. Ea creeaz\u0103 noi structuri interna\u0163ionale sau le for\u0163eaz\u0103 pe cele existente s\u0103 preia mai multe sarcini dec\u00eet pot duce \u00een prezent, accelereaz\u0103 rela\u0163iile dintre societ\u0103\u0163i \u015fi economii, dintre zone \u015fi regiuni ale lumii. Prin globalizare, statele-na\u0163iune \u00eencep s\u0103 aib\u0103 responsabilit\u0103\u0163i externe suplimentare, \u00een condi\u0163iile \u00een care o parte din atribu\u0163iunile lor interne s\u00eent diminuate. Cu alte cuvinte, statele s\u00eent chemate s\u0103 se implice \u00een stabilitatea \u015fi securitatea interna\u0163ional\u0103. Statele slabe nu asigur\u0103 un nivel adecvat de securitate pe plan intern, suveranitatea lor este limitat\u0103, iar vulnerabilitatea lor la amenin\u0163\u0103rile politice este deosebit de crescut\u0103. Resentimentele popula\u0163iilor fa\u0163\u0103 de stat cresc. F\u0103r\u0103 sprijin \u015fi cooperare din afar\u0103, gestionarea unor probleme de baz\u0103, alt\u0103 dat\u0103 pe deplin rezolvabile, devine imposibil\u0103.<\/div>\n
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\t\u00cen ultimii ani, s-au modificat radical coordonatele geo-strategiei \u015fi geopoliticii, lumea bipolar\u0103 f\u0103c\u00eend loc unui univers fragmentar \u00een care se \u201enasc\u201d \u015fi \u201erenasc\u201d antagonisme de toate categoriile. Col.(r) ing. prof. univ. dr. NICOLAE ROTARU, scrie, \u00een studiul amintit deja, cit\u00eend \u00ab un mare analist al lumii de azi \u015fi al \u201evalurilor\u201d prin care a trecut omenirea \u00bb: \u201eFolosirea violen\u0163ei ca surs\u0103 de putere nu va disp\u0103rea prea cur\u00eend. Studen\u0163ii \u015fi protestatarii \u00eenc\u0103 vor fi \u00eempu\u015fca\u0163i \u00een pie\u0163e, prin toat\u0103 lumea. Armatele vor continua s\u0103 duduie peste grani\u0163e. Guvernele vor aplica \u00een continuare for\u0163a atunci c\u00eend \u00ee\u015fi \u00eenchipuie c\u0103 acest lucru serve\u015fte scopurilor lor. Statul nu va renun\u0163a niciodat\u0103 la pu\u015fc\u0103.\u201d<\/div>\n
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\tJames Rosenau (Turbulence in World Politics. A Theory of Change and Continuity, Princeton University Press, 1990), citat de conf. George Cristian Maior, define\u015fte impactul globaliz\u0103rii prin transformarea structural\u0103 a sistemului interna\u0163ional, dintr-un model centrat pe rela\u0163iile interstatale \u00eentr-unul multicentric \u00een sensul distribuirii pe mai multe niveluri a rela\u0163iilor de autoritate \u015fi putere. Rosenau subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 procesul de globalizare implic\u0103 simultaneitatea \u015fi inter-cauzalitatea unor procese contradictorii \u2013 de integrare versus fragmentare, centralizare versus descentralizare \u015fi regionalizare. Aceste polariz\u0103ri creeaz\u0103 tensiuni inerente \u00eentre cupluri de procese: globalizarea rela\u0163iilor implic\u0103 \u00een subsidiar anumite fenomene de localism\/localizare, tensiuni \u00eentre centru \u015fi periferie, comunitarism \u015fi cosmopolism, culturi \u015fi subculturi, state \u015fi pie\u0163e, etc. \t<\/p>\n
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\t\tArticolul original<\/a><\/p>\n

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\u00cen epoca globaliz\u0103rii, valorile fundamentale ale statului-na\u0163iune, a\u015fa cum \u00eel cunoa\u015ftem azi, s\u00eent din ce \u00een ce mai vulnerabile. Xavier Raufer (op.cit. pag. 9) este…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":6275,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[194,1177,1178,305,1123,52,1176],"class_list":["post-6276","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-altele-continut","tag-directive","tag-globalizare","tag-grupuri","tag-legi","tag-natiune","tag-razboi","tag-stat"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6276","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6276"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6276\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/6275"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6276"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6276"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6276"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}