{"id":6279,"date":"2013-02-02T14:00:54","date_gmt":"2013-02-02T14:00:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/noi3.org\/site\/?p=6279"},"modified":"2013-02-02T14:00:54","modified_gmt":"2013-02-02T14:00:54","slug":"reconfigurarea-europei-state-care-ar-putea-schimba-harta-batranului-continent","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/?p=6279","title":{"rendered":"Reconfigurarea Europei. State care ar putea schimba harta B\u0103tr\u00e2nului Continent"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" id=\"fancybox-img\" src=\"http:\/\/www.capital.ro\/typo3temp\/pics\/EuropeMap_2020_c7370f60a5.jpg\" style=\"width: 250px; height: 160px;\" \/><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \tPartidele care sus\u0163in independen\u0163a din Sco\u0163ia (Marea Britanie) \u015fi Catalonia (Spania) preg\u0103tesc pentru anul viitor referendumuri al c\u0103ror rezultat sper\u0103 s\u0103 duc\u0103 la desp\u0103r\u0163irea lor de aceste state. Unii anali\u015fti consider\u0103 c\u0103 o asemenea evolu\u0163ie i-ar putea \u00eencuraja \u015fi pe al\u0163ii din Europa s\u0103 le urmeze exemplul.<\/p>\n<p>  <!--more-->  <\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \t<img decoding=\"async\" alt=\"\" id=\"fancybox-img\" src=\"http:\/\/www.capital.ro\/typo3temp\/pics\/EuropeMap_2020_c7370f60a5.jpg\" width=\"535\" \/><\/p>\n<p> \tPartidele care sus\u0163in independen\u0163a din Sco\u0163ia (Marea Britanie) \u015fi Catalonia (Spania) preg\u0103tesc pentru anul viitor referendumuri al c\u0103ror rezultat sper\u0103 s\u0103 duc\u0103 la desp\u0103r\u0163irea lor de aceste state. Unii anali\u015fti consider\u0103 c\u0103 o asemenea evolu\u0163ie i-ar putea \u00eencuraja \u015fi pe al\u0163ii din Europa s\u0103 le urmeze exemplul.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \t\u00centre Sco\u0163ia \u015fi Catalonia exist\u0103 diferen\u0163e considerabile: prima a fost privit\u0103 \u00eentotdeauna ca o \u201c\u0163ar\u0103\u201d separat\u0103 \u00een interiorul Regatului Unit, iar revendic\u0103rile de autodeterminare ale celei de-a doua \u00ee\u015fi au r\u0103d\u0103cinile \u00een vremurile medievale.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \tGuvernul premierului David Cameron a acceptat s\u0103 coopereze \u00een privin\u0163a organiz\u0103rii unui referendum privind independen\u0163a Sco\u0163iei, \u00een toamna lui 2014, de\u015fi pledeaz\u0103 viguros \u00eempotriva unei separ\u0103ri. \u00cen contrast, Madridul a declarat c\u0103 va lupta \u00eempotriva unui referendum similar privind Catalonia invoc\u00e2nd considerente constitu\u0163ionale. Totu\u015fi, partidele separatiste aflate la putere \u00een aceast\u0103 regiune \u00ee\u015fi vor continua probabil demersurile, \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103 organizeze la r\u00e2ndul lor \u00een 2014 o consultare popular\u0103 privind independen\u0163a comunit\u0103\u0163ii lor.<\/p>\n<p> \tExist\u0103 p\u0103reri c\u0103 aceste dou\u0103 campanii se vor sus\u0163ine reciproc, \u00een lunile care vin. Fiecare dintre cele dou\u0103 cauze se bazeaz\u0103 pe game similare de argumente emo\u0163ionale \u015fi economice, dar \u015fi pe nemul\u0163umirea larg r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit\u0103 fa\u0163\u0103 de cei afla\u0163i la putere \u00een capitalele na\u0163ionale.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \tSondajele de opinie au rezultate variate, dar cel pu\u0163in unul indic\u0103 faptul c\u0103 peste jum\u0103tate dintre aleg\u0103torii catalani ar vota pentru un stat separat, dac\u0103 s-ar ivi ocazia. Comparativ, doar pu\u0163in peste o treime din sco\u0163ieni ar face o alegere similar\u0103 \u00een ce-i prive\u015fte, de\u015fi ambele tabere &#8211; pro \u015fi contra separ\u0103rii &#8211; sunt de acord asupra faptului c\u0103 cifrele s-ar putea schimba p\u00e2n\u0103 la referendum.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \tMilitan\u0163ii \u00een favoarea independen\u0163ei din ambele \u0163\u0103ri nu ezit\u0103 s\u0103 sublinieze c\u0103 se consider\u0103 parte a unei tendin\u0163e mai largi. Din 1945 \u00eencoace, num\u0103rul \u0163\u0103rilor lumii a crescut de aproape trei ori, mai ales dup\u0103 ce fostele colonii din Africa \u015fi Asia au devenit independente \u015fi dup\u0103 destr\u0103marea Uniunii Sovietice, iar la Bruxelles, forma\u0163iunile sco\u0163iene \u015fi catalane pun deja la cale o alian\u0163\u0103 cu partide flamande.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \tContururile actuale ale Marii Britanii \u015fi Spaniei au fost schi\u0163ate \u00een secolele XV \u015fi XVI, \u00een pragul unei epoci de expansiune imperial\u0103 care a durat sute de ani \u015fi care le-a adus avere \u015fi putere. Niciuna din cele dou\u0103 nu a lansat eforturi coordonate central de construire a unei identit\u0103\u0163i na\u0163ional\u0103, cum s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat \u00een state mai noi, cum sunt Germania sau Italia \u00een vremea lui Bismarck, respectiv Garibaldi, ori \u00een Fran\u0163a sub Napoleon.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \tAst\u0103zi, cauza separatismului ar putea fi alimentat\u0103 de o accentuare a nemul\u0163umirii fa\u0163\u0103 de puterea central\u0103, fie aceasta cea de la Londra, Madrid sau alte capitale. Criza economic\u0103 pare s\u0103 fi contribuit la intensificarea acestor percep\u0163ii.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \tLa Edinburgh, ascensiunea Partidului na\u0163ional sco\u0163ian (SNP), care de\u0163ine \u00een prezent o majoritate guvernamental\u0103 \u00een parlament &#8211; este v\u0103zut\u0103 mai cur\u00e2nd ca rezultat al competen\u0163ei sale \u00een domeniul administrativ \u015fi al lipsei de entuziasm fa\u0163\u0103 de partidele de la Londra, dec\u00e2t ca urmare a r\u0103sp\u00e2ndirii sentimentelor proindependentiste. SNP sper\u0103 \u00eens\u0103 c\u0103 aceast\u0103 situa\u0163ie se va schimba pe m\u0103sura apropierii referendumului.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \t\u00cen Catalonia, una din cele mai bogate regiuni ale Spaniei, se resimte deja la scar\u0103 larg\u0103 o anume iritare fa\u0163\u0103 de modul de redistribuire a banilor \u00eentre administra\u0163iile locale. Mi\u015fcarea catalan\u0103 pentru independen\u0163\u0103 se dovede\u015fte, \u00een plus, tot mai eficace \u00een a profita de frustrarea fa\u0163\u0103 de guvernul central \u015fi marile afaceri generat\u0103 de dificult\u0103\u0163ile economice cu care continu\u0103 s\u0103 se confrunte \u0163ara.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \tLa Londra \u015fi la Madrid, principalele partide politice care se opun independen\u0163ei au \u00eenceput s\u0103 coopereze \u00eentre ele pentru a contracara campaniile \u00een favoarea acesteia, cu toate c\u0103 unii anali\u015fti sunt de p\u0103rere c\u0103 un astfel de efort coordonat ar putea, din contr\u0103, s\u0103 \u00eencing\u0103 \u015fi mai mult spiritele \u00een Sco\u0163ia \u015fi Catalonia.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \t\u00centreag\u0103 aceast\u0103 dezbatere este urm\u0103rit\u0103 nu doar din Europa, ci \u015fi de mai departe. Astfel, state cum sunt Rusia \u015fi China, cu popula\u0163ii minoritare agitate, sunt preocupate c\u0103 destr\u0103marea unui stat european important ar putea alimenta sentimentele separatiste \u015fi la ele acas\u0103.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \tDac\u0103 lucrurile iau o turnur\u0103 nea\u015fteptat\u0103, iar Sco\u0163ia \u015fi Catalonia chiar vor vota pentru independen\u0163\u0103, nimeni nu \u015ftie ce va \u00eensemna acest lucru \u00een practic\u0103. \u00cen condi\u0163iile \u00een care sus\u0163in\u0103torii independen\u0163ei din am\u00e2ndou\u0103 regiunile afirm\u0103 c\u0103 vor s\u0103 r\u0103m\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een Uniunea European\u0103, majoritatea exper\u0163ilor consider\u0103 c\u0103 noile \u0163\u0103ri vor fi nevoite s\u0103 cear\u0103 aderarea la bloc, iar Londra, respectiv Madridul ar putea fi tentate s\u0103 le blocheze integrarea, de exemplu \u00eempiedic\u00e2ndu-le, cel pu\u0163in temporar, accesul la locuri de munc\u0103 \u00een Uniune.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"> \t\u00cen egal\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103, nu este clar cum ar putea continua Sco\u0163ia s\u0103 foloseasc\u0103 lira sterlin\u0103, iar Catalonia moneda unic\u0103 european\u0103 euro, de\u015fi, \u00een principiu, Marea Britanie respectiv Spania nu ar avea cum s\u0103 le \u00eempiedice.<\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p> \t<a href=\"http:\/\/gandeste.org\/general\/reconfigurarea-europei-state-care-ar-putea-schimba-harta-batranului-continent\/26231\">Articolul original<\/a><\/p>\n<hr \/>\n<p> \t\u00a0<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Partidele care sus\u0163in independen\u0163a din Sco\u0163ia (Marea Britanie) \u015fi Catalonia (Spania) preg\u0103tesc pentru anul viitor referendumuri al c\u0103ror rezultat sper\u0103 s\u0103 duc\u0103 la desp\u0103r\u0163irea lor&hellip;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[31],"tags":[730,58,382,1052,1181,709],"class_list":["post-6279","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-altele-continut","tag-continent","tag-europa","tag-evolutie","tag-mici","tag-remodelare","tag-state"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=6279"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/6279\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=6279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=6279"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.noi3.org\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=6279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}